How Does Root Canal Works

A root canal is a dental procedure designed to treat infection or damage within the pulp of a tooth—the soft tissue inside that contains nerves and blood vessels. When a tooth is cracked, decayed, or injured, bacteria can enter and infect the pulp, leading to pain, swelling, and even abscesses if left untreated. Root canal therapy removes this infected pulp, helping to save the tooth and prevent the need for extraction.

The process begins with a dentist or endodontist numbing the area around the tooth to ensure the patient is comfortable. Then, a small opening is made in the crown of the tooth to access the infected pulp. Using specialized tools, the dentist carefully removes the pulp and cleans out the inside of the tooth, including the root canals. These canals are then shaped and disinfected to eliminate any remaining bacteria.

Once the tooth is clean and dry, it is filled with a biocompatible material, typically gutta-percha, to seal the space and prevent future infection. The opening in the tooth is then sealed with a temporary or permanent filling. In many cases, a crown is placed on the tooth later to restore its full strength and function. With proper care, a tooth that has undergone a root canal can last just as long as other natural teeth.